Sperm Whale - profile

Indicative distribution

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Key:

known

predicted

The areas shown in pink and/purple are the sub-regions where the species or community is known or predicted to occur. They may not occur thoughout the sub-region but may be restricted to certain areas. ( click here to see geographic restrictions). The information presented in this map is only indicative and may contain errors and omissions.

Scientific name: Physeter macrocephalus

Conservation status in NSW: Vulnerable

Commonwealth status: Not listed

Profile last updated: 31 Mar 2023

Description

Sperm Whales (formerly Physeter catodon) are very large marine mammals with a huge box-like head and underslung lower jaw. Males can grow 18m in length. They are purplish-brown or dark grey on the back and sides and grey or white underneath. The extent of white can increase with age. The dorsal fin is reduced to a series of hump-like ridges along the midline of the back towards the tail. The Sperm Whale has a single blowhole and a blow that angles forward.

Distribution

Wide, but patchy distribution from the tropics to the edge of the polar pack-ice in both hemispheres.

Habitat and ecology

Concentrations of Sperm Whales tend to occur where the seabed rises steeply from a greater depth, beyond the continental shelf.
It is likely they feed on squid, octopus and fish.
They are able to dive to depths of 2500m and have been recorded eating Giant Squid up to 10m in length.

Regional distribution and habitat

Click on a region below to view detailed distribution, habitat and vegetation information.

Ocean

Threats

Collision with boats and other marine traffic.
Accidental entanglement in nets, traps, longlines and other fishing gear.
Rubbish, particularly plastic, which can cause suffocation, abrasion, infection or blockages in the whale's system when swallowed.

Recovery strategies

A Saving Our Species conservation project is currently being developed for this species and will be available soon. For information on how you can contribute to this species' recovery, see the Activities to assist this species section below.