Indicative distribution
The areas shown in pink and/purple are the sub-regions where the species or community is known or predicted to occur. They may not occur thoughout the sub-region but may be restricted to certain areas.
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click here to see geographic restrictions).
The information presented in this map is only indicative and may contain errors and omissions.
Scientific name: Tylophora linearis
Gazetted date:
21 Nov 2008
Profile last updated:
01 Aug 2024
Description
Slender, almost hairless twiner with a clear sap. Leaves dark green, linear, 1-5 cm long, 0.5-3 mm wide. Flowers purplish inside, 3-6 mm in diameter, in radiating groups of 3-8. Fruit is cigar shaped, up to 100mm long and approximately 5 mm diameter, hairless.
Distribution
Occurs from southern Queensland into central NSW, as far south near Temora with the majority of records occurring in the central western region. Records from Goonoo, Pillaga West, Pillaga East, Bibblewindi, Cumbil and Eura State Forests, Coolbaggie NR, Goobang NP and Beni SCA. Also has been recorded Hiawatha State Forest near West Wyalong in the south and there are old records as far north as Crow Mountain near Barraba and near Glenmorgan in the western Darling Downs.
Habitat and ecology
- Grows in dry scrub and open forest. Recorded from low-altitude sedimentary flats in dry woodlands of Eucalyptus fibrosa, Eucalyptus sideroxylon, Eucalyptus albens, Callitris endlicheri, Callitris glaucophylla and Allocasuarina luehmannii.
- Also grows in association with Acacia hakeoides, Acacia lineata, Melaleuca uncinata, Myoporum species and Casuarina species.
- Flowers in spring, with flowers recorded in November or May and is suspected to be related to rainfall, with fruiting probably 2 to 3 months later.
- Altitudes are generally in the range of 300 - 400 m a.s.l.
Regional distribution and habitat
Click on a region below to view detailed distribution, habitat and vegetation information.
Threats
- General roadside maintenance impacting the species by changing the hydrology, spraying weeds, and spreading invasive weeds.
- Forestry activity including harvesting, crushing and disturbing ground cover and compacting soil with vehicles, and increasing vulnerability to weed invasion.
- Forest management and hazard reduction burns affect the life cycle of the species. Especially post-harvest high-intensity fires, which destroy species under the soil surface.
- Infrastructure including powerlines, earthworks, water delivery, gas exploration and extraction, and railway construction and maintenance causing disturbance to habitat. The short duration of its flowering reduces likelihood of detection when developments are assessed for their impact on threatened species.
- Perennial grass invasion where disturbance occurs, including coolatai grass, African lovegrass and buffel grass.
- Changes in land use such as the clearing of habitat where the species occurs, e.g. for cyprus pine forests, agriculture or development.
- Domestic stock directly grazing on and trampling the species. Species is palatable to domestic stock from emergence to seed set and inflorescences grow in inter-tussock voids and are supported by grasses, so species is grazed upon along with grasses.
- Feral goats and deer grazing on and trampling the species. Species is palatable to deer and goats from emergence to seed set and inflorescences grow in inter-tussock voids and are supported by grasses, so species is grazed upon along with grasses.
- Lack of knowledge of species ecology, particularly around the timing and conditions of fruiting and flowering.
- Lack of knowledge of species distribution and abundance in Goobang National Park, which contains suitable habitat but is under surveyed.
- Feral goats and deer grazing on and trampling the species. Species is palatable to deer and goats from emergence to seed set and inflorescences grow in inter-tussock voids and are supported by grasses, so species is grazed upon along with grasses.
Recovery strategies
Priority actions are the specific, practical things that must be done to recover a threatened species, population or ecological
community. The Office of Environment and Heritage has identified
12 priority actions
to help recover the Tylophora linearis in New South Wales.
Activities to assist this species
- No further degradation or loss of potential habitat.
- Protection from forestry activities.
- Monitoring of populations to determine life history.
- Targeted survey work and investigations into species ecology.
- Survey to determine extent of occurrence and identity of records potentially attributable to this species. Baseline surveys required to confirm known and locate new populations.
Information sources
- BRI Herbarium Records. () Databased specimen records from the Queensland Herbarium (Brisbane Botanic Gardens: Toowong).
- Briggs, J.D. and Leigh, J.H. (1996) Rare or Threatened Australian Plants. Revised Edition. (CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne)
- Forster, P.I. (1992) A taxonomic revision of Tylophora R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae: Marsdenieae) in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 5: 29-51.
- Forster, P.I. (1996) Asclepiadaceae. 19. Tylophora. Flora of Australia 28: 268-277, p. 269.
- Harden, G.J. and Williams, J.B. (1992) Tylophora. In Harden, G.J. (ed.) Flora of New South Wales. Volume 3 (New South Wales University Press: Sydney).
- Hosking, J.R. and James, T.A. (1998) Native and exotic flora of the North Western Slopes upstream of the junction of the Peel and Namoi Rivers, New South Wales. Cunninghamia 5(3): 721-766
- NSW Herbarium Records. () Databased specimen records from the National Herbarium of New South Wales (Royal Botanic Gardens: Sydney).
- Porteners, M.F. (1997) Vegetation Survey of Goobang National Park. Report for the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. NPWS, Sydney.
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