Indicative distribution
The areas shown in pink and/purple are the sub-regions where the species or community is known or predicted to occur. They may not occur thoughout the sub-region but may be restricted to certain areas.
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click here to see geographic restrictions).
The information presented in this map is only indicative and may contain errors and omissions.
Scientific name: Endiandra hayesii
Profile last updated:
11 Oct 2022
Description
Often a small crooked tree, but it can grow to 35 m tall. It has grey to grey-brown bark, which is smooth or slightly scaly. The dull, hairy leaves are egg-shaped and measure 6 – 12 cm long and 3 – 6 cm wide. The leaves have a closely veined appearance. Flowers are small and white to pale green, and are held in small clusters. The fleshy fruits are egg-shaped, 2.5 – 3 cm long, and purplish-black when ripe.
Distribution
A restricted distribution from Burleigh Heads in Queensland to the Richmond River in north-east NSW. It is locally abundant in some parts of its range in NSW.
Habitat and ecology
- Sheltered moist gullies in lowland subtropical and warm temperate rainforest on alluvium or basaltic soils. The species occurs in regrowth and highly modified forms of these habitats.
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Top
Flowers have been recorded on the Rusty Rose Walnut in spring and in March, October and November, with fruits recorded in March and May.
Regional distribution and habitat
Click on a region below to view detailed distribution, habitat and vegetation information.
Threats
- Clearing and fragmentation of habitat for coastal development.
- Clearing and fragmentation of habitat for agriculture.
- Infestation of habitat by weeds.
- Clearing and fragmentation of habitat for road-works.
- Frequent fire.
- Distrubance from recreational users in reserve areas.
- Forestry related activities within wet sclerophyll forest habitat.
- Damage from domestic stock.
- Habitat loss and fragmentation as a result of infrastructure development including powerline construction.
- Lack of knowledge of the species abundance and distribution as Endiandra muelleri subsp bracteata has previously been misidentified as Endiandra hayesii as they are difficult to distinguish in the field due to perceived overlap in morphological characteristics (e.g. number of leaf veins). Due to misidentifications, occurrence records need to be verified with surveys during flowering period and characteristics correlated with genetic analysis
- Lack of knowledge of the species abundance and distribution as Endiandra muelleri subsp bracteata has previously been misidentified as Endiandra hayesii as they are difficult to distinguish in the field due to perceived overlap in morphological characteristics (e.g. number of leaf veins). Due to misidentifications, occurrence records need to be verified with surveys during flowering period and characteristics correlated with genetic analysis.
- Lack of knowledge on the species response to threats including fire, weeds and disturbance from roadside management and clearing for development and agriculture.
Recovery strategies
A Saving Our Species conservation project is currently being developed for this species and will be available soon. For information on how you can contribute to this species' recovery, see the Activities to assist this species section below.
Activities to assist this species
- Protect known populations and areas of suitable habitat from clearing or development.
- Identify populations along roadsides and protect them during road-works.
- Protect known and protential habitat from fire.
- Support local Landcare groups and bush regeneration teams raise the profile of the species and undertake ongroud protection works.
- Remove weeds where they threaten adult plants or regeneration.
- Exclude areas of rainforest habitat from timber harvesting
- Keep to established tracks in areas of habitat to avoid trampling small plants.
- Expand and connect remaining habitat remnants.
- Protect areas of known habitat from cattle grazing, logging and other activities that may impact on the species.
- Undertake surveys to identify unrecorded populations.
Information sources
- Harden, G., McDonald, B. and Williams, J. (2006) Rainforest trees and shrubs: a field guide to their identification. (Gwen Harden Publishing, Nambucca Heads)
- NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (2002) Threatened Species of the Upper North Coast of NSW: Flora. (NSW NPWS, Coffs Harbour)
- NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (2004) Approved Recovery Plan for Endiandra muelleri subsp. bracteata (Green-leaved Rose Walnut) and Endiandra hayesii (Rusty Rose Walnut). NSW NPWS, Sydney.
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